EU Pushes Apple for Broader iOS Interoperability | Image Source: 9to5google.com
BRUSSELS, 20 December 2024 – Apple is under increasing pressure from the European Union (EU) to increase interoperability between its iOS ecosystem and rival platforms, including Android. According to 9to5Google, a recently published European Commission document describes Apple’s requirements to improve compatibility with features such as Air Drop, AirPlay and application functionality with third-party devices and services. These proposals, if implemented, could significantly change the functioning of iOS, ensuring ”effective interoperability” with other platforms.
EU request for Air Drop compatibility
The European Commission is working to break the walls around Apple’s main features. Among the most notable demands is the opening of Air Drop to work smoothly with Apple-free devices, including Android smartphones and tablets. Currently, AirDrop works exclusively in the Apple ecosystem, allowing file transfer between iOS devices and macOS. The EU document states that “Apple will provide a protocol specification that gives third parties all the information necessary to integrate, access and control the Air Drop protocol into an application or service”. This would allow third-party developers to build tools that facilitate file sharing between Apple and Android devices.
This reflects the wider EU agenda to promote multiplatform functionality and reduce barriers created by proprietary systems. According to 9to5Google, Apple’s reluctance to open AirDrop stems from concerns about data security and privacy, which states that they could be compromised by such mandates.
Expand AirPlay range
Another important EU demand is to increase AirPlay’s compatibility. AirPlay, which allows users to transmit content from an iOS device to compatible screens, is currently limited in its functionality. While some third-party devices, such as selected TVs, support AirPlay, the EU wants Apple to continue to allow third-party devices to act as users and receivers of AirPlay. On the other hand, Google Cast technology already supports transmission via Android, iOS and other platforms, creating a precedent for what the EU hopes to achieve with AirPlay.
The European Commission insists that greater interoperability fosters innovation and offers consumers more options, as outlined in the document. However, Apple has expressed strong objections, arguing that the movement could lead to privacy risks, particularly to companies such as Meta that have an important interest in wider interoperability.
Application function of third parties and device notifications
Beyond Air Drop and AirPlay, EU requirements extend to the main features of iOS. According to the report, the EU wants Apple to allow third-party applications to work in the background as easily as its own applications. This request stems from the developers’ complaints that applications accompanying third-party smart watches and other accessories do not work as efficiently as Apple’s native software, such as Apple Watch.
In addition, the EU intends to open iOS notifications to work with smart third-party watches. Currently, iOS notifications are optimized for Apple Watch, leaving other devices usable at a disadvantage. The proposed changes would create a level playing field, allowing users to benefit from a wide range of devices.
Apple’s response to EU proposals
Apple criticized EU mandates. According to 9to5Google, the technology giant presented a formal response warning on the possible consequences of these requests. Apple highlighted user privacy concerns, highlighting Meta as a major example of a company that could further exploit interoperability. Apple submitted that granting Meta access to AirPlay and other features “would create a new type of privacy and security issues” while allowing the company to collect confidential data about users’ homes.
However, the EU excluded these arguments as exaggerated, arguing that measures are needed to ensure fair competition and benefits for consumers. Public consultations on the proposed amendments are open until January 9, 2025. If Apple fails to comply, the company could be subject to substantial fines, which would increase the pressure on EU regulators.
Broader implications for the technology industry
The EU’s commitment to enhancing iOS interoperability underlines its commitment to dismantling monopoly practices in the technology industry. This is not the first time that Apple has been subject to EU regulatory control. Previously, the company was forced to adopt USB-C as a standard charging port for iPhones, a movement that echoed similar goals to promote compatibility and reduce electronic waste.
According to 9to5Mac, the current proposals could have a significant impact on Apple’s business model, which largely depends on the exclusivity of its ecosystem. If implemented, the changes could pave the way for a more open and competitive technological environment, which would encourage Apple to innovate so as to favour consumer choice and flexibility.
Meanwhile, rival companies like Google and Meta will probably benefit from the EU position. Google’s Android platform, known for its open nature, could become even more attractive than interoperability becomes a standard expectation among consumers. Furthermore, it has already submitted multiple requests for interoperability, noting its intention to take advantage of the new opportunities created by EU measures.
As the deadline for public consultation approaches rapidly, industry stakeholders and consumers will closely monitor developments. If Apple encounters or chooses a legal battle, it remains to be seen, but the result will certainly shape the future of multiplatform compatibility in the technological world.
